Kalkun Domestik





Kalkun domestik (Meleagris gallopavo) ialah unggas besar, satu dari dua spesies dalam genus Meleagris serta sama juga dengan kalkun liar. Walau domestikasi kalkun diprediksikan terjadi di Mesoamerika tengah minimal 2.000 tahun lalu, [1] riset paling baru memperlihatkan peluang acara domestikasi ke-2 di Amerika Serikat Barat Daya di antara 200 SM serta 500 Masehi. Tetapi, semua varietas kalkun domestik penting sekarang ini turun dari kalkun yang dibesarkan di Meksiko tengah yang selanjutnya di-import ke Eropa oleh Spanyol pada era ke-16.

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Kalkun domestik ialah bentuk unggas yang terkenal, serta dibesarkan di semua sisi dunia yang beriklim sedang, beberapa sebab pertanian industri membuat benar-benar murah untuk jumlah daging yang dibuatnya. Kalkun domestik betina dikatakan sebagai ayam betina, serta anak ayam itu dapat disebutkan ayam jantan atau ayam kalkun. Di Amerika Serikat, lelaki dikatakan sebagai tom, sedang di Inggris serta Irlandia, lelaki ialah rusa.

Sejumlah besar kalkun domestik dibiakkan untuk mempunyai bulu putih sebab bulu pin mereka kurang nampak saat bangkai kenakan pakaian, walau varietas coklat atau perunggu dinaikkan. Benjolan berdaging di atas paruh ialah snood, serta yang menempel di bagian bawah paruh diketahui untuk pial.

Nama bahasa Inggris untuk spesies ini datang dari kekeliruan identifikasi awal burung dengan spesies yang tidak berkaitan yang di-import ke Eropa lewat negara Turki. [3] Nama spesies Latin gallopāvō bermakna "ayam merak".

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